Manche USB-Sticks verhalten sich gegenüber Linux nicht transparent. Die Bezeichnung für die Partition /dev/sda1 ist bei Grub ( hd0,0). Das Vorgehen ist aber exakt wie bei der Festplatte. Jetzt fehlt natürlich noch der Kernel, eine initial Ramdisk und eine Konfiguration für GRUB unter /boot/grub/menu.lst. [ Minimal BASH-like line editing is supported. If successful, you will be greeted by the prompt from GRUB: GNU GRUB version 0.96 (640K lower / 3072K upper memory) If so far you have done everything correctly, and nothing wrong, you should now be able to boot a PC from this USB stick.
Important: Do not forget to unmount: umount /mnt Test Now you can install GRUB in the MBR on the USB disk: grub-install -root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda Since GRUB names hard disks differently to the Linux kernel, we have to create a file by telling GRUB that /dev/sda is its first hard disk: echo '(hd0) /dev/sda' > /mnt/boot/grub/device.map We create this directory and copy the bootloader parts into it, most easily from our development system’s hard drive – which hopefully also boots with GRUB: mkdir -p cp /boot/grub/*stage* /mnt/boot/grub Grub is stored in the directory /boot/grub. First we mount the new partition after /mnt: mount /dev/sda1 /mnt Now we prepare a directory structure for GRUB and install it on the USB stick. of type ext2: mkfs.ext2 /dev/sda1 Install GRUB On this partition we create a file system, e.g. Important: For the kernel to really interpret the new partition table correctly, it may be necessary to unplug and re-plug the USB stick once. This can be done with fdisk /dev/sda or cfdisk /dev/sda, for example. Now we create a partition table with one partition and activate it (bootable flag).
In the following we assume that /dev/sda is the same as the USB key.Īttention: the following command irretrievably deletes all data on this device! Make sure beforehand which device file your USB stick really addresses! cat /dev/zero > /dev/sdaĬat: write error: No space left on device If there are no SCSI, SATA or other USB storage devices connected to the system, the device used for the USB stick is usually /dev/sda. The following procedure illustrates how to install a working bootloader on a USB stick:įirst we overwrite the complete stick with zero bytes. You want to boot a Linux system from a USB stick.
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